600 Phrases in the Liangshan Yi Dialect

Lesson 5 : A Conversation

ꆃꎭꆈꉙꅇꂷꃘꉐꇬ:(ꉬ)ꌧꈿ


New Vocabulary

  1. ꌧꈿ syp mgep : to talk, chat
  2. ꀀ it : to live (somewhere)
  3. ꑝꅇ xit ddop : Xide 喜德 [a town north of Xichang]
  4. ꆈꌠ nuo su : the Yi or Nuosu nationality
  5. ꉌꈲ hxie mgat : the Han nationality
  6. ꃅꄷ mu ddix : district, hometown
  7. ꐥꅍꐥꀋꇲ jjo ddu jjo ap gut : quiet and peaceful
  8. ꎿꈎ shur kut : this year
  9. ꋚꁧ zza bbo : crops
  10. ꂄꈓ nbop kur : bumper harvest
  11. ꀊꅰꃅꀋ a hnat mu ap : not too ...
  12. ꈾ mge : buckwheat
  13. ꀦꇴ box gu : maize
  14. ꉾ he : good
  15. ꍯ che : rice (the plant)
  16. ꒉꄸ yy ddi : reason
  17. ꂷꉐ ma hxa : rain
  18. ꐛ jjip : to fall (of rain or snow)
  19. ꇨ guo : too
  20. ꄉ da : because
  21. ꂿꃋ mo my : sky, weather
  22. ꈻ mgo : cold
  23. ꐩ jju : oats
  24. ꏿ qip : to sow, plant
  25. ꎭ sha : wheat
  26. ꌿ ssup : barley
  27. ꀉꑌꃅ ax nyi mu : quite a few
  28. ꄈ dax : quite, comparatively
  29. ꈿꐔ mgep qy : sweet buckwheat (?)
  30. ꈵꆈ mgap nuo : bitter buckwheat (?)
  31. ꋚ zza : cooked rice, a meal
  32. ꋠ zze : to eat
  33. ꇎ lut : enough


Text

ꃄꆜ:ꐋꀨ,ꆏꇿꀀꌠꉬ?

ꃄꎓ:ꉢꑝꅇꀀꌠꉬ。

ꃄꆜ:ꆏꆈꌠꅀꉌꈲꉬ?

ꃄꎓ:ꉢꆈꌠꂷꉬ。

ꃄꆜ:ꆍꃅꄷꋬꂻꈨꅪꀞ!

ꃄꎓ:ꋬꂻꈨꅪ,ꐥꅍꐥꀋꇲ。

ꃄꆜ:ꆍꃅꄷꎿꈎꋚꁧꒉꁧꂄꈓꉫꀕ?

ꃄꎓ:ꂄꐯꂄꈓꉬ。

ꃄꎓ:ꀊꅰꃅꀋꂄꈓ,ꈾꌋꆀꀦꇴꆹꉾ,ꍯ、ꑸꑽꆹꀋꉾ。

ꃄꆜ:ꑞꒉꄸ?

ꃄꎓ:ꂷꉐꐛꇨꄉꂿꃋꈻꇨꀕꒉꄸ。

ꃄꆜ:ꆍꃅꄷꐩꏿꀕ?

ꃄꎓ:ꐩꑌꏿ,ꎭꑌꏿ。

ꃄꆜ:ꌿꏿꀕ?

ꃄꎓ:ꌿꀉꑌꃅꀋꏿ,ꈾꄈꀉꑌꃅꏿ。

ꃄꆜ:ꈿꐔꅀꈵꆈ?

ꃄꎓ:ꈿꐔꑌꏿ,ꈵꆈꑌꏿ。

ꃄꆜ:ꋚꁧꋋꈨꈍꃅꐙ?

ꃄꎓ:ꂄꈓꉬ。

ꃄꆜ:ꆍꋚꋠꇎꀕ?

ꃄꎓ:ꋠꇎꐯꋠꇎ。



Translation

Muxhlie : Comrade, where do you come from ?

Muxrryr : I am originally from Xide.

Muxhlie : Are you Yi or Han nationality ?

Muxrryr : I am Yi.

Muxhlie : Your hometown is a peaceful place I suppose.

Muxrryr : Quiet and peaceful.

Muxhlie : Have you had a good harvest there this year ?

Muxrryr : We had a bumper harvest.

Muxrryr : We didn't have a very good harvest. We had a good crop of buckwheat and maize, but we did not have a very good crop of rice and potatoes.

Muxhlie : Why was that ?

Muxrryr : It was because there was too much rain, and the weather was too cold.

Muxhlie : Do you grow oats there ?

Muxrryr : We grow both oats and wheat.

Muxhlie : Do you grow barley ?

Muxrryr : We don't grow much barley, but grow quite a lot of buckwheat.

Muxhlie : Sweet buckwheat or bitter buckwheat ?

Muxrryr : We grow both sweet buckwheat and bitter buckwheat.

Muxhlie : What was the harvest of these crops like ?

Muxrryr : It was a good harvest.

Muxhlie : Have you enough grain to eat ?

Muxrryr : Plenty, plenty.



Notes

1. ꆏꇿꀀꌠꉬ (ne kat it su nge) : Literally "You are a where dweller ?" (i.e. Where do you live ?"), but actually an expression used to ascertain someone's place of birth or native town, not their current residence. The particle ꌠ (su) turns ꇿꀀ (kat it) "where live" into a noun phrase – "a where dweller". Likewise the reply ꉢꑝꅇꀀꌠꉬ (nga xit ddop it su nge) translates literally as "I am a Xide dweller" (i.e. "I am a native of Xide").


2. ꃅꄷ (mu ddix) : This word normally means "district", but when used after ꆍ (nop) "you (plural)" it takes the specific meaning of the place where you come from (i.e. your hometown or native county).


3. ꈻꇨꀕ (mgo guo w) : When ꇨ (guo) "too" is reduplicated, it intensifies the meaning of the word it modifies. So ꈻꇨ (mgo guo) "too cold", but ꈻꇨꀕ (mgo guo w) "really too cold". In this sentence the word ꈻ (mgo) should be read in the Secondary High tone, that is as ꈺ (mgox).


4. ꐩꑌꏿ, ꎭꑌꏿ (jju nyi qip , sha nyi qip) : When ꑌ (nyi) is used in tandem, if the preceding syllable is in the Mid Level tone, then it is normally read in the Secondary High tone. Thus, in this sentence, ꐩ (jju) and ꎭ (sha) should be read as ꐨ (jjux) and ꎬ (shax). Likewise, in the sentence ꆏꑌꁧ, ꋌꑌꁧ (ne nyi bbo, cy nyi bbo) "You are going, and he is also going", the words ꆏ (ne) and ꋌ (cy) should be read as ꆎ (nex) and ꋋ (cyx).


5. ꋚꁧꋋꈨ (zza bbo cyx gge) : Demonstrative pronouns such as ꋋꈨ (cyx gge) "these" follow their noun in Yi.


6. ꋠꇎꐯꋠꇎ (zze lut jjy zze lut) : As well as intensifying adjectives (see Lesson 4 Note 1), the particle ꐯ (jjy) can intensify adverbal constructs, such as in this case, where ꋠꇎ (zze lut) "to eat enough" is reduplicated with ꐯ (jjy) in the middle to give the meaning "plenty to eat". Likewise ꀀꌒ (it sa) "to sleep well" can be intensified to ꀀꌒꐯꀀꌒ (it sa jjy it sa) "to have a good night's sleep".



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